PRAISE
Sajida H. Shroff, President of Harvard University's Alumni for Global Women's Empowerment, "On behalf of Harvard Global WE, we would like to thank you for bringing your story to life. Your insights and perspective on how Iran was during the revolution were so interesting. And your journey was so inspiring."
Aviva Wolff, Operations Manager at Sydney Jewish Museum, Australia, "With thanks for giving your time to our Australian audience and for giving us a deeper insight into your award-winning autobiography." Certificate of Appreciation
Federation of Indian Chamber of Commerce & Industry, Thank you for sharing your story of freedom." Certificate of Appreciation
Professor Franklin Lewis, University of Chicago, "Thanks so much for joining us and speaking for the Persian Circle at the Department of Middle Eastern Studies." Program information (in Persian)
Rabbi Ken Aronowitz, Temple Emanu El, Honolulu, Hawaii, "Thank you for sharing your impressions of last night's event and for adding to the life of our community. I hope that we will have the opportunity again to have you with us."
The Honorable Rahm Emanuel, Mayor of Chicago, "I would like to offer thanks to Consul General Roey Gilad, and also express my appreciation to Rabbi Michael Siegel and Anshe Emet Synagogue for hosting this momentous occasion. Thank you to the children's choir of Maccabim, Rabbi Yona Reiss, Guy Sagy, Hadar Noiberg, Amos Hoffman, Jacqueline Saper, Professor Isaac Cohen, and all those who contributed to tonight's event."
Aviva Wolff, Operations Manager at Sydney Jewish Museum, Australia, "With thanks for giving your time to our Australian audience and for giving us a deeper insight into your award-winning autobiography." Certificate of Appreciation
Federation of Indian Chamber of Commerce & Industry, Thank you for sharing your story of freedom." Certificate of Appreciation
Professor Franklin Lewis, University of Chicago, "Thanks so much for joining us and speaking for the Persian Circle at the Department of Middle Eastern Studies." Program information (in Persian)
Rabbi Ken Aronowitz, Temple Emanu El, Honolulu, Hawaii, "Thank you for sharing your impressions of last night's event and for adding to the life of our community. I hope that we will have the opportunity again to have you with us."
The Honorable Rahm Emanuel, Mayor of Chicago, "I would like to offer thanks to Consul General Roey Gilad, and also express my appreciation to Rabbi Michael Siegel and Anshe Emet Synagogue for hosting this momentous occasion. Thank you to the children's choir of Maccabim, Rabbi Yona Reiss, Guy Sagy, Hadar Noiberg, Amos Hoffman, Jacqueline Saper, Professor Isaac Cohen, and all those who contributed to tonight's event."
The Honorable Roey Gilad, Consul General of Israel to the Midwest, "I would like to thank you for taking such an important part in the very special evening we held on December 14th to commemorate the 1st Israeli National Day for the Jewish Refugees from Arab Countries and Iran. The event was extremely important for us and your contribution for its success is highly appreciated."
Lyndon Allen, Pastor of Woodmont Bible Church in Nashville, Tennessee, "Thank you for your contribution to what was a great event tonight! SUPERB testimony! Blessings to you and yours. Thanks again!"
Jenny Thompson, PhD, Director of Education Evanston History Center in the Charles Gates Dawes House, "It was great to meet you in person! Thank you so much for your wonderful presentation last night. I can honestly say that you made a big impact on the audience! There was so much talk about your presentation and people were very grateful to you for sharing your experiences. What an amazing story. I am so glad you wrote your book! Thank you again for an awesome presentation! It was honestly one of the best we've had!"
Dr. Günther Jikeli, Erna B. Rosenfeld Associate Professor, Indiana University Bloomington, "Thank you very much again for your excellent presentation and discussion with the students of my class."
Fred Reiss, San Diego Jewish World, "In addition to being a memoir of resiliency and courage, From Miniskirt to Hijab offers glimpses into Iran’s history and customs, its arts and laws, how its social institutions operate, and its people think."
Diane C. Donovan, Donovan’s Bookshelf, "From Miniskirt to Hijab: A Girl in Revolutionary Iran provides a memoir not just of Jacqueline Saper, but of a pivotal time in conservative Iran, and should be required reading for anyone interested in the social evolution of Iran and women's changing experiences and roles in that country."
Tabby Refael, Jewish Journal, "From Miniskirt to Hijab will leave readers with the ability to understand the deeper issues related to post-revolutionary Iran. Simply put, anyone who wants to understand the human element behind American policy vis-à-vis Iran should read (and quote) this book, which should be read widely in college classrooms, among other places."
Dr. Claudia Yaghoobi, Assistant Professor in Persian Studies at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, "This memoir by Saper has valuable insights for a wide range of audiences both Iranian and non-Iranian. It could be adopted in literature courses focusing on Middle Eastern writing, women’s writings, and diaspora."
Mateo Mohammad Farzaneh, associate professor of history at Northeastern Illinois University, “Richly informative, From Miniskirt to Hijab captures a difficult time in Iranian history with honesty and candor. Saper demonstrates her love for the country of her birth while realistically discussing some of the challenges confronting a non-Shiite in a very conservative society.”
Bardia Fard, chapter president of the Iranian-American Bar Association, "From Miniskirt to Hijab is a deeply moving memoir that vividly details the struggle of human life—both collective and individual—under authoritarian rule. Saper’s insightful and compelling narrative is extraordinary in its use of personal perspective to mourn the rapid loss of Iran’s once progressive society. This book is both an important historical account and a cautionary tale, a poignant reminder of the devastating impact an unchecked regime has on its unwilling participants.”
Bobak Kalhor, director and producer of A Dying King: The Shah of Iran, “From Miniskirt to Hijab is the best book yet to explain the contrast of life under the rule of the Shah versus that of the Ayatollahs. Saper is uniquely able to articulate the underlying dynamic of Iran’s sudden rejection of a Western culture that was idealized for years before 1979. This book is a must-read for anyone who wants to understand the causes of turmoil in one of the most volatile regions of the world.”
Barbara M. of Quebec, Montreal, Canada, "I have just read your memoire…From Miniskirt to Hijab and it is absolutely one of the best books I have read in my 65 years of reading. I am married to an Iranian Jew from Tehran, but he was sent to Israel at age 12 in 1961. His parents followed several years later as did his older siblings. I was fascinated to learn all the historic details and will share them with our children. Thank you again for your excellent book."
Sandy Wasserman of New York, "I am in awe! I just finished reading your bio/memoir/accounting of your journey and Iran's journey, From Miniskirt to Hijab. I cannot thank you enough for this beautiful book. I am recommending it all over Facebook. This book's message is timely and timeless. I'll be choosing your book as one of those we read this year in my synagogue's book club. A million thx."
Professor Jessica Emami at Marymount University, "From Miniskirt to Hijab, illustrates the different ways religion, prejudice, discrimination, power, and minority statuses differ vastly from place to place but also share common features. Moreover, the book also teaches the strengths that diversity can bring to any culture."
Wendi Kromash, Levy Center Foundation,"Thank you again for an exciting and informative webinar It was a very popular topic. We had 450 people who registered and 329 people who attended. Shortly after we wrapped up, I received an email message to call a senior who had attended. This woman wanted to tell me that your webinar was the best one out of the 16 Levy Lectures webinars she has attended so far this year!"
Beth Peres, Program Director for the Center for Interfaith Engagement at Niagara Foundation, "I had the pleasure or listening to Jacqueline Saper speak at West Suburban Har Zion Temple on March 1, 2015. With a smile on her face and a sweet demeanor, Ms. Saper told us about her life before, during, and after the revolution in Iran. She did so with neutrality, with a PowerPoint filled with family pictures, and much more. It would be very easy to wag a finger and declare the revolution a horrible thing. But Ms. Saper simply supplied her listeners with the background of Iran, personal recollections, and factual information which allowed the audience to envision her life and the events surrounding her. I absolutely loved the presentation, and have asked her to speak for my organization." Event recap
A message from Kiana - Highschool student in Urbana, Illinois, "Hello, my name is Kiana. This year my English teacher asked us to choose a book to read, annotate, and write an essay about. I chose your book for my project. Your book is so well written, and I learned so many new things from it. I am so happy to have chosen your book for my project!"
Jenny Thompson, PhD, Director of Education Evanston History Center in the Charles Gates Dawes House, "It was great to meet you in person! Thank you so much for your wonderful presentation last night. I can honestly say that you made a big impact on the audience! There was so much talk about your presentation and people were very grateful to you for sharing your experiences. What an amazing story. I am so glad you wrote your book! Thank you again for an awesome presentation! It was honestly one of the best we've had!"
Dr. Günther Jikeli, Erna B. Rosenfeld Associate Professor, Indiana University Bloomington, "Thank you very much again for your excellent presentation and discussion with the students of my class."
Fred Reiss, San Diego Jewish World, "In addition to being a memoir of resiliency and courage, From Miniskirt to Hijab offers glimpses into Iran’s history and customs, its arts and laws, how its social institutions operate, and its people think."
Diane C. Donovan, Donovan’s Bookshelf, "From Miniskirt to Hijab: A Girl in Revolutionary Iran provides a memoir not just of Jacqueline Saper, but of a pivotal time in conservative Iran, and should be required reading for anyone interested in the social evolution of Iran and women's changing experiences and roles in that country."
Tabby Refael, Jewish Journal, "From Miniskirt to Hijab will leave readers with the ability to understand the deeper issues related to post-revolutionary Iran. Simply put, anyone who wants to understand the human element behind American policy vis-à-vis Iran should read (and quote) this book, which should be read widely in college classrooms, among other places."
Dr. Claudia Yaghoobi, Assistant Professor in Persian Studies at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, "This memoir by Saper has valuable insights for a wide range of audiences both Iranian and non-Iranian. It could be adopted in literature courses focusing on Middle Eastern writing, women’s writings, and diaspora."
Mateo Mohammad Farzaneh, associate professor of history at Northeastern Illinois University, “Richly informative, From Miniskirt to Hijab captures a difficult time in Iranian history with honesty and candor. Saper demonstrates her love for the country of her birth while realistically discussing some of the challenges confronting a non-Shiite in a very conservative society.”
Bardia Fard, chapter president of the Iranian-American Bar Association, "From Miniskirt to Hijab is a deeply moving memoir that vividly details the struggle of human life—both collective and individual—under authoritarian rule. Saper’s insightful and compelling narrative is extraordinary in its use of personal perspective to mourn the rapid loss of Iran’s once progressive society. This book is both an important historical account and a cautionary tale, a poignant reminder of the devastating impact an unchecked regime has on its unwilling participants.”
Bobak Kalhor, director and producer of A Dying King: The Shah of Iran, “From Miniskirt to Hijab is the best book yet to explain the contrast of life under the rule of the Shah versus that of the Ayatollahs. Saper is uniquely able to articulate the underlying dynamic of Iran’s sudden rejection of a Western culture that was idealized for years before 1979. This book is a must-read for anyone who wants to understand the causes of turmoil in one of the most volatile regions of the world.”
Barbara M. of Quebec, Montreal, Canada, "I have just read your memoire…From Miniskirt to Hijab and it is absolutely one of the best books I have read in my 65 years of reading. I am married to an Iranian Jew from Tehran, but he was sent to Israel at age 12 in 1961. His parents followed several years later as did his older siblings. I was fascinated to learn all the historic details and will share them with our children. Thank you again for your excellent book."
Sandy Wasserman of New York, "I am in awe! I just finished reading your bio/memoir/accounting of your journey and Iran's journey, From Miniskirt to Hijab. I cannot thank you enough for this beautiful book. I am recommending it all over Facebook. This book's message is timely and timeless. I'll be choosing your book as one of those we read this year in my synagogue's book club. A million thx."
Professor Jessica Emami at Marymount University, "From Miniskirt to Hijab, illustrates the different ways religion, prejudice, discrimination, power, and minority statuses differ vastly from place to place but also share common features. Moreover, the book also teaches the strengths that diversity can bring to any culture."
Wendi Kromash, Levy Center Foundation,"Thank you again for an exciting and informative webinar It was a very popular topic. We had 450 people who registered and 329 people who attended. Shortly after we wrapped up, I received an email message to call a senior who had attended. This woman wanted to tell me that your webinar was the best one out of the 16 Levy Lectures webinars she has attended so far this year!"
Beth Peres, Program Director for the Center for Interfaith Engagement at Niagara Foundation, "I had the pleasure or listening to Jacqueline Saper speak at West Suburban Har Zion Temple on March 1, 2015. With a smile on her face and a sweet demeanor, Ms. Saper told us about her life before, during, and after the revolution in Iran. She did so with neutrality, with a PowerPoint filled with family pictures, and much more. It would be very easy to wag a finger and declare the revolution a horrible thing. But Ms. Saper simply supplied her listeners with the background of Iran, personal recollections, and factual information which allowed the audience to envision her life and the events surrounding her. I absolutely loved the presentation, and have asked her to speak for my organization." Event recap
A message from Kiana - Highschool student in Urbana, Illinois, "Hello, my name is Kiana. This year my English teacher asked us to choose a book to read, annotate, and write an essay about. I chose your book for my project. Your book is so well written, and I learned so many new things from it. I am so happy to have chosen your book for my project!"
Ribhi Salhi, Professor of Political Science specializing in the Middle East, Southeast Asian governments, Social Revolutions, International Terrorism, Muslim Politics, and the U.S. Foreign Policy, "You are now highly nominated by this great institution for this award. So you are going to be the ambassador for Oakton's mission and vision, and a great model for equity, equality, and diversity."
Tina Fakhrid-Deen, Associate Professor of English, Oakton Community College, "Thank you for your enlightening presentation today. I'm sure the students and staff enjoyed your presentation and learned a great deal. It was a pleasure meeting you."
Association of Americans and Canadians in Israel, "Thank you for sharing your story and with much appreciation." Certificate of Appreciation
Suzannah Warlick, Director of the Santa Clarita, California CBS Series, "I thought the program went very well. A lot of people were asking for your website, the spelling of your name, and your e-mail address. I'm going to order my book."
Michele Lobl, quoted in The Signal newspaper, “I really loved hearing the interview because she was there and it was all from her point of view.”
Tina Fakhrid-Deen, Associate Professor of English, Oakton Community College, "Thank you for your enlightening presentation today. I'm sure the students and staff enjoyed your presentation and learned a great deal. It was a pleasure meeting you."
Association of Americans and Canadians in Israel, "Thank you for sharing your story and with much appreciation." Certificate of Appreciation
Suzannah Warlick, Director of the Santa Clarita, California CBS Series, "I thought the program went very well. A lot of people were asking for your website, the spelling of your name, and your e-mail address. I'm going to order my book."
Michele Lobl, quoted in The Signal newspaper, “I really loved hearing the interview because she was there and it was all from her point of view.”
Trudy Leong, Station Manager at WZRD, Chicago 88.3 FM, "Thank you, Jacqueline Saper, author of From Miniskirt to Hijab: A Girl in Revolutionary Iran, for your interview on WZRD Chicago 88.3 FM, and your insight into Iranian Revolutionary thought and culture, as well as the Iranian experience with persecution and repression, and other revelations about Iranian business and social media climate, and Iranian disposition toward Americans."
WC Turck, Host: Playtime with Bill Turck and Kerri Kendall Show, WCGO Radio AM 590, "The book is amazing , and perhaps very timely. I cherish the book."
Hilarie H. Lieb Ph.D., Northwestern University, Department of Economics, Associate Professor of Instruction, Evanston, IL, "I wished you were part of our local community...for now you are an honorary member."
WC Turck, Host: Playtime with Bill Turck and Kerri Kendall Show, WCGO Radio AM 590, "The book is amazing , and perhaps very timely. I cherish the book."
Hilarie H. Lieb Ph.D., Northwestern University, Department of Economics, Associate Professor of Instruction, Evanston, IL, "I wished you were part of our local community...for now you are an honorary member."
Deborah S. Gold, Director of Southeast Region, American Committee for Shaare Zedek, Miami Beach, FL, "I wanted to thank you for a beautiful afternoon. The feedback has been wonderful and even those who did not attend have told me that they heard you were wonderful! Thank you again for such a wonderful presentation. It was a privilege to meet you."
Amy Stoken, Director, AJC Chicago, "You were a huge contribution! Thank you so much for participating last night – we have received nothing but tremendous feedback on the night and you! As you know, it was a new program for us – and you helped make it a success and an event we plan to continue."
Amy Stoken, Director, AJC Chicago, "You were a huge contribution! Thank you so much for participating last night – we have received nothing but tremendous feedback on the night and you! As you know, it was a new program for us – and you helped make it a success and an event we plan to continue."
Marisa Barthel, University of South Carolina Student Health Services, Lead Advocate, Sexual Assault and Violence Intervention & Prevention (SAVIP), "I look forward to reading your book! As someone who spent a number of years living, working, & vacationing abroad, I know how critical it is to understand & respect cultural & religious sensitivities - especially when it comes to working cases like this or helping victims (and their families) in the ER, during the darkest moments of their lives. God bless you for what you are doing to open eyes regarding Iranian culture."
Keith Johnson, Professor of Sociology and Microaggression theory - IPSA Conference, "I really enjoyed the conference and enjoyed meeting you and sharing ideas."
Keith Johnson, Professor of Sociology and Microaggression theory - IPSA Conference, "I really enjoyed the conference and enjoyed meeting you and sharing ideas."
Chielozona Eze, Professor, African and African American Cultural Studies, Northeastern Illinois University, "I've always wanted to understand Iran, and I was happy to have attended your presentation. I wish you all the best."
Bekki Harris Kaplan, Executive Director at Beth Emet The Free Synagogue, Evanston, Illinois, "It was such a treat to meet you yesterday and to learn from you. I’ve always been fascinated w/life in Iran… and so appreciate your insights and stories. Thank you (!!)"
Bekki Harris Kaplan, Executive Director at Beth Emet The Free Synagogue, Evanston, Illinois, "It was such a treat to meet you yesterday and to learn from you. I’ve always been fascinated w/life in Iran… and so appreciate your insights and stories. Thank you (!!)"
Diana Kindzred, Co-founder of the American Sephardi Federation-Midwest Chapter, and educator of health care promotion and education to minority and immigrant women, “You were FABULOUS !!! So many people enjoyed your lecture - I knew you'd be great! I'm so glad & blessed that I met you and perhaps you can be part of my film project.”
Wendy Maier-Sarati, Professor of History, Oakton Community College, Skokie, Illinois, "The presentation was incredible and very moving. I am honored to know you. The students have been so thankful to have met you and were honored to have made your acquaintance."
Emily Farr: Founder of Myra, Chicago's all-female speakers bureau, "Thank you so much for the wonderful evening at Myra. The audience truly enjoyed every minute of your talk, and I am very grateful. Your insight into the world today left us all more aware and inspired!"
Doris Lazarus, Docent and Certified Speaker at the Holocaust Museum, Skokie, Illinois, "Your program was very informative and you spoke so beautifully about a painful topic that we all need to learn more about. I could've listened to you for hours."
Stephanie Chavara, Actor, writer, and teaching artist at Remy Bumppo, Adventure Stage, Dog + Pony, Signal Ensemble, Strawdog, and TimeLine, Chicago, Illinois, "Jacqueline, AMAZING work today!!! I just wanted to congratulate you on a powerful story. Thank you for sharing it with us. It was wonderful, and I was just enjoying the experience!"
David Y. Chack, President of the Association for Jewish Theater, and faculty at Northwestern University in the Theater Department and Jewish Studies, "I thought things went very well and the movie with you was wonderful. Thank you."
Alan Dorek, GEL Director, Northfield, IL, "Jacqueline, the pleasure was all ours, you were terrific. I’m sorry that we didn’t have more time as your story line was great."
David Y. Chack, President of the Association for Jewish Theater, and faculty at Northwestern University in the Theater Department and Jewish Studies, "I thought things went very well and the movie with you was wonderful. Thank you."
Alan Dorek, GEL Director, Northfield, IL, "Jacqueline, the pleasure was all ours, you were terrific. I’m sorry that we didn’t have more time as your story line was great."
Rachael Josephsen, Events Associate, Jewish United Fund, "Again, let me say what a pleasure it was meeting you finally and hearing your speech. It was very powerful, moving and educational. I sincerely hope to work with you again in the future. The women at Green Acres loved you and many of them asked to be kept informed of your book’s progress and release date. Please pass that information along when you have it."
Adele Gorenstein, Simon Wiesenthal Center, Co-chair of the Education Committee, "I want to tell you how much I enjoyed your presentation yesterday. It was inspiring and educational. I learned so much and admire you more for what you endured during the turmoil and upheaval in Tehran. So happy I met you."
Laurie Hanan, Author of the Louise Golden Hawaiian Mysteries, "I enjoyed your excellent talk at Temple Emanu-El very much tonight. You made a lot of things about Iran easier to understand."
Rabbi Dovid Flinkenstein, Chabad of Wilmette - Center for Jewish Life and Learning, "Thank you Jacqueline for your very enjoyable, informative and engaging presentation this past Sunday. Community members were fascinated to learn more about the longstanding history of the Jewish community in Persia and the contemporary Islamic revolution in Iran through your personal story."
Adele Gorenstein, Simon Wiesenthal Center, Co-chair of the Education Committee, "I want to tell you how much I enjoyed your presentation yesterday. It was inspiring and educational. I learned so much and admire you more for what you endured during the turmoil and upheaval in Tehran. So happy I met you."
Laurie Hanan, Author of the Louise Golden Hawaiian Mysteries, "I enjoyed your excellent talk at Temple Emanu-El very much tonight. You made a lot of things about Iran easier to understand."
Rabbi Dovid Flinkenstein, Chabad of Wilmette - Center for Jewish Life and Learning, "Thank you Jacqueline for your very enjoyable, informative and engaging presentation this past Sunday. Community members were fascinated to learn more about the longstanding history of the Jewish community in Persia and the contemporary Islamic revolution in Iran through your personal story."
Dotty Levant, Manager, Robineau Residence, Skokie, Illinois, "Many, many thanks again for the marvelous talk you presented to the Robineau Residents. You provided a new understanding of history both past and present and the current conditions in the Middle East."
Leah Polin, Vice President of education at Hadassah, Chicago-North Shore, Past Executive Director at Dawn Schuman Institute for Jewish Learning, Chicago, IL, "Loved your program."
Dr. Raymond Newgard, "Thank you for the nice presentation today... The chronology of your life
experience in Iran; was supplemented by your review of its history.. Wow."
Leah Polin, Vice President of education at Hadassah, Chicago-North Shore, Past Executive Director at Dawn Schuman Institute for Jewish Learning, Chicago, IL, "Loved your program."
Dr. Raymond Newgard, "Thank you for the nice presentation today... The chronology of your life
experience in Iran; was supplemented by your review of its history.. Wow."
Joan Waxman, Program Manager, Education programs, North Shore Senior Center, Northfield, IL, "Jacqueline, It was our pleasure to have you share your fascinating story. And judging from the program evaluations, our participants felt the same way!"
Randi Peshkin, Artist. "I just want to say thank you for writing your book. You provide an interesting perspective to world events, past and current. Thank you for allowing me to see the world from your perspective."
Hannah Cartwright, Supervising Immigration Attorney at the National Immigrant Justice Center, "Jacqueline, thank you so much for all your help with practicing, preparation, interpretation, and translation for our case during the summer and fall, especially of your time on some of the difficult conversation days. I never would have been able to represent our client adequately without your help and generosity. Your hard work was invaluable and we at NIJC can’t thank you enough."
Randi Peshkin, Artist. "I just want to say thank you for writing your book. You provide an interesting perspective to world events, past and current. Thank you for allowing me to see the world from your perspective."
Hannah Cartwright, Supervising Immigration Attorney at the National Immigrant Justice Center, "Jacqueline, thank you so much for all your help with practicing, preparation, interpretation, and translation for our case during the summer and fall, especially of your time on some of the difficult conversation days. I never would have been able to represent our client adequately without your help and generosity. Your hard work was invaluable and we at NIJC can’t thank you enough."
Benno Weisberg, Deputy General Counsel (Foley & Lardner), Chicago, IL, "Throughout our work on the case, Ms. Saper was consistently professional and diligent, and a pleasure to work with. I believe Ms. Saper played a crucial role in helping our client achieve a favorable outcome."
Malachi Leopold, Founder & CEO, Left Brain/Right Brain Productions, LLC, "Ms. Saper has been our main liaison between the subjects of the movie, who came from two different cultures and languages; and she has managed to clearly convey all the underlying cultural differences."
Hena Mansori, Detention Project Staff Attorney at the National Immigrant Justice Center, "We are dedicated to ensuring human rights protections and access to justice for all immigrants, refugees and asylum seekers. NIJC has made critical advances in the lives of hundreds of thousands of vulnerable people. That is why we pride ourselves on working with the best professionals. Ms. Saper fulfills all of these qualities and more as she proved her competence in the English and Farsi languages."
